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Complete Guide to Cursor Composer: Multi-File Editing Techniques & Real-World Cases

Honestly, I used Cursor for three months before realizing I’d been “wasting” it the whole time.

Before, when modifying a feature that required changes to 5 files—components, APIs, type definitions, tests, and config—I’d ask Chat one by one, copying and pasting code each time. My mouse constantly switched between files, my fingers bouncing between Cmd+C and Cmd+V. Exhausting.

One day a colleague walked by, watched me work for three seconds, and asked: “Why aren’t you using Composer?”

“Huh?”

“That floating window with Cmd+I. Describe what you need in one sentence, AI automatically identifies which files need changes, and does them all.”

I was stunned.

He showed me: opened Composer, @ mentioned a few relevant files, typed “change this user login logic to support email verification,” hit Enter. AI thought for a few seconds and knocked out the component, API, and type definitions in one go. 10 minutes total.

I’d spent an hour.

That’s when I realized—these three months, I’d only used 20% of Cursor’s capabilities. Like driving a Ferrari in first gear.

What is Composer? Why You Need It

The Essential Difference Between Composer and Chat

Let me use an analogy.

Chat is like an AI consultant sitting next to you answering questions. You ask “How do I optimize this code?”, it gives you suggestions, you make the changes yourself.

Composer is an AI construction crew. You say “Replace all the windows in this building with floor-to-ceiling ones,” it does the work directly, then tells you “Done, check it out.”

That’s the essential difference: one is a consultant, the other is a construction crew.

Here’s a detailed comparison:

DimensionChatComposer
PositionAI Consultant (Q&A Assistant)AI Construction Crew (Code Generator)
Open WithCmd/Ctrl + LCmd/Ctrl + I
InterfaceSidebarFloating Window
ScopeCurrent FileEntire Project Multi-File
ApplicationManual Copy or ApplyAuto-Applied to Files
Recommended ModelsGPT-4o, DeepSeekClaude 3.7 Sonnet
Suitable TasksQ&A, Learning, Single-File DebuggingCross-File Features, Refactoring, Batch Changes
Conversation HistorySaved in Sidebar⚠️ Not Saved (Lost on Refresh)
Token ConsumptionLowHigh

See that “Conversation History Not Saved”? That’s the biggest pitfall I stepped in. I’ll cover how to avoid it later.

Composer’s Three Core Capabilities

Capability 1: Cross-File Understanding

Chat only sees the file you currently have open. Composer sees the entire project.

Example: You say “Add user login functionality,” Chat asks “Which file do you want to modify?”, while Composer directly tells you “I need to modify these 5 files: Login.tsx, auth.ts, user.types.ts, api/auth.ts, App.tsx.”

It knows where components are, where type definitions are, where APIs are, where routing is. Changes them all.

Capability 2: Project-Level Modifications

Chat changes code, you manually copy-paste. Composer applies changes directly to files, you just click Accept or Reject.

The difference is like: Chat gives you a renovation blueprint, Composer completes the renovation for your inspection.

Capability 3: Intelligent Reasoning (Agent Mode)

With Agent mode enabled, Composer can:

  • Run shell commands (like npm install, git status)
  • Search the entire codebase (find all places using a certain function)
  • Autonomously analyze dependencies
  • Create or delete files

Agent mode is like giving the construction crew a foreman who can make judgments and find tools. But it’s also more prone to “over-renovation,” which I’ll cover later on how to control.

3 Scenarios Where You Must Use Composer

Scenario 1: New Feature Development (Multi-File)

Requirement: Add comment functionality.

Chat approach:

  1. Ask Chat which files need changes
  2. Chat lists 5 files
  3. You open files one by one
  4. Ask Chat “Help me write Comments component”
  5. Copy code, paste into file
  6. Ask again “Write comment API”
  7. Copy, paste
  8. Repeat 5 times

Exhausting.

Composer approach:

  1. Open Composer (Cmd+I)
  2. Type “Add comment functionality, users can post, delete, view comments”
  3. Enter
  4. AI automatically identifies files to change, completes all changes
  5. You check diffs, click Accept

10 minutes done.

Scenario 2: Code Refactoring

Requirement: Migrate state management from Redux to Zustand.

Chat approach: Nearly impossible to complete. Involves 20+ files, each requiring manual changes, easy to miss, easy to break.

Composer approach:

@src/store
@src/components

Migrate Redux store to Zustand:
1. Keep existing state structure
2. Keep API unchanged
3. Remove redux dependencies

Enable Agent mode, AI analyzes dependencies, changes files, tests if it runs. 20 minutes done.

Scenario 3: Batch Modifications

Requirement: Unify error handling, add try-catch to all API calls.

Chat approach: Change file by file, easy to miss. You need to remember which ones you changed, which you didn’t.

Composer approach:

@src/api

Add unified error handling to all API calls:
- Wrap with try-catch
- Unified error message format
- Log errors

15 files done at once.

Composer vs Chat: 5-Second Decision Method

Now you know the difference between Composer and Chat. But when actually coding, you’ll still hesitate: “Should I press Cmd+L or Cmd+I?”

Here’s a decision process: 3 steps to judge, 5 seconds to decide.

Decision Process

Step 1: How Many Files Involved?

  • 1 file → Continue judging
  • 2+ files → Composer

That simple. Cross-file = use Composer.

Step 2: Question or Code Change?

  • Question (learning, understanding, debugging) → Chat
  • Code change (generating, modifying, refactoring) → Composer

Chat is consultant, Composer is construction crew. Remember?

Step 3: Large Change Scope?

  • Small change (few lines of code) → Chat + Cmd+K
  • Large change (entire module) → Composer

If just renaming a variable or adding a comment, use Cmd+K, no need for Composer.

4 Scenarios Suitable for Chat

Scenario 1: Quick Q&A

You: "Is there a bug in this code?"
Chat: "Yes, line 12 array out of bounds"

Instant response. Don’t need to change code, just want confirmation. Chat perfect.

Scenario 2: Learning & Understanding

You: "Explain the principle of this algorithm"
Chat: "This is quick sort, core idea is..."

Learning new knowledge, Chat’s forte. It explains patiently, with examples.

Scenario 3: Single-File Debugging

You: "Help me optimize this function"
Chat: "You can use memoization to cache results..."

You can make the changes yourself, don’t need Composer’s full automation.

Scenario 4: Code Review

You: "What potential issues are here?"
Chat: "Line 15 doesn't handle null case, line 28 has memory leak risk..."

Reviewing code, Chat can spot many issues.

4 Scenarios Suitable for Composer

Scenario 1: New Feature Development

Cross-file feature implementation. Already covered, won’t repeat.

Scenario 2: Code Refactoring

Large-scale structural adjustments. Like:

  • Splitting large files
  • Merging small files
  • Reorganizing directory structure
  • Unifying naming conventions

Chat simply can’t do these tasks.

Scenario 3: Dependency Migration

Replacing libraries or frameworks. Like:

  • axios → fetch
  • moment.js → dayjs
  • styled-components → Tailwind CSS
  • Redux → Zustand

Involves dozens of files, Composer’s territory.

Scenario 4: Batch Modifications

Uniformly modify similar code in multiple places. Like:

  • Change all console.log to logger
  • Change all var to const
  • Change all class components to function components

3 Comparison Cases

Case 1: Modify API Call Method

Task: Change all axios to fetch.
Files involved: 15.

Chat: Need to operate file by file, easy to miss. You need to remember which you changed, which you didn’t. Exhausting.

Composer: One command @src/api Change all axios to fetch, AI batch modifies, you just review diffs.

Conclusion: Composer

Case 2: Debug a Function

Task: Find bug in total price calculation function.
Files involved: 1.

Chat: Paste code directly, Chat responds instantly. “Line 12 tax calculation is wrong, should be total * 0.1.”

Composer: Open Composer, wait for analysis, wait for modification, wait for application… Too heavyweight, waste of time.

Conclusion: Chat

Case 3: Add User Permission System

Task: Implement RBAC permission control.
Files involved: 10+ (components, middleware, database, APIs).

Chat: Nearly impossible. You’d ask one by one in Chat, change one by one, and ensure logic consistency yourself.

Composer (Agent mode): After AI understands overall architecture, automatically creates middleware, modifies APIs, updates components, adds permission checks. You just tell it “Implement a role-based permission system, admin can CRUD, regular users can only view.”

Conclusion: Composer (Agent)

The Right Way to Use Composer

Initial Setup (3 Steps)

After installing Cursor, don’t rush to use Composer. Set it up first.

Step 1: Choose Model

Composer recommends Claude 3.7 Sonnet.

Why?

  • Strong reasoning: Can understand complex multi-file relationships
  • Low error rate: Less likely to break code
  • Good multi-file understanding: Knows which files should be changed together

Never use o1 or o1-mini, they don’t support Composer functionality. You’ll find Cursor auto-switches to other models, results not as expected.

Step 2: Enable Agent Mode (Optional)

Open settings: Cursor Settings → Beta → Agent.

Once enabled, Composer can:

  • Run shell commands (npm install, git status)
  • Search codebase (Cmd+Enter, find all places using a certain function)
  • Create/delete files
  • Autonomously analyze project structure

Agent mode is like giving AI a toolbox, it can work independently. But also more prone to “over-construction,” I’ll cover how to control it later.

Step 3: Understand Pricing

  • Free version: Composer functionality limited, a few requests per day
  • Pro version: 500 premium requests/month, sufficient
  • Business version: Unlimited

If you’re a heavy user, recommend Pro version. I use Pro myself, about 300-400 times per month.

Interface Layout Explained

Composer interface looks like this:

┌─────────────────────────────────┐
│  Composer  [Normal] [Agent]     │  ← Mode Switch
├─────────────────────────────────┤
│  📝 Input Box (Describe Need)   │
│  @ Reference Files/Folders/Code │
├─────────────────────────────────┤
│  💬 Conversation History        │
│  📄 File Diff Preview           │
│  ✅ Accept  ❌ Reject            │
└─────────────────────────────────┘

Top right corner switches between Normal and Agent modes.

The diff preview below is important, you can see what changed in each file. Never Accept All directly, I’ll cover this pitfall specifically later.

@ Reference Function Clever Uses

The @ symbol is Composer’s core function. You can use it to reference various things.

@Files: Reference Specific Files

@src/components/Header.tsx
Make this component responsive design

AI knows to only change this one file, won’t mess with other places.

@Folders: Reference Entire Folders

@src/utils
Refactor this utility library, split files by function category

AI will look at all files in this folder, understand overall structure, then refactor.

@Code: Reference Code Blocks

First select a code block, then press Cmd+I, it auto-references:

@[Selected function code]
Optimize this function's performance

This is especially suitable for small-scale optimization.

@Web: Reference Web Content

@https://docs.react.dev/reference/react/useEffect
Following React official documentation best practices, refactor this effect

AI will read web content, change according to documentation. I often use this feature, let AI follow official docs to change code, less prone to errors.

@Docs: Reference Project Documentation

@README.md
According to documentation instructions, implement this feature

If your project has specification docs, you can @ reference them, AI will follow specs.

@Codebase: Search Entire Codebase

Press Cmd+Enter, input:

Find all places using localStorage, change to IndexedDB

In Agent mode, AI will search entire project, find all related code, change together.

Normal vs Agent Mode

What’s the difference between these two modes?

Normal Mode:

  • Suitable for clear tasks
  • AI only modifies files you specify
  • More controllable, won’t accidentally change other files
  • Faster
  • Less token consumption

Agent Mode:

  • Suitable for complex tasks requiring reasoning
  • AI can autonomously search code, run commands, create files
  • More intelligent, but may change beyond expectations
  • Slower
  • Higher token consumption

Selection Advice:

Simple tasks → Normal. Like “change this component’s style,” “add error handling.”

Complex refactoring → Agent. Like “migrate Redux to Zustand,” “implement permission system.”

Unsure → Try Normal first, if not working then use Agent.

I use Normal 80% of the time, Agent 20%. Normal is sufficient, Agent too heavy.

5 Golden Rules for Multi-File Editing

This part is key. I’ve stepped in many pits, summarized 5 rules. Following them avoids 90% of problems.

Rule 1: Task Splitting

❌ Wrong Example:

"Refactor entire project, change to TypeScript, optimize performance, add tests"

This kind of instruction confuses Composer. It doesn’t know where to start, what to do first and next. Result is chaotic changes, you spend 2 hours rolling back.

✅ Correct Approach:

Split into 4 conversations:

1st: "Change all files in src/utils directory to TypeScript"
2nd: "Add unit tests for utils"
3rd: "Optimize Header component performance"
4th: "Refactor API call logic, unify error handling"

Complete one small goal each time, git commit once. Clear, controllable, easy to rollback.

Why Split?

  • Avoid AI misunderstanding (saying too much at once, AI can’t catch the point)
  • Convenient step-by-step review (small diffs, easy to spot issues)
  • Easy to rollback when errors occur (only rollback this step, doesn’t affect others)
  • Reduce token consumption (small tasks, AI thinks less, costs less)

My experience: Single Composer conversation involves no more than 10 files. Over 10, split it.

Rule 2: Clear Scope

Use @ references to clearly specify file scope.

Like if you’re changing user-related functionality:

@src/components/User
@src/types/user.ts
@src/api/user.ts

Change user-related API from RESTful to GraphQL

This way AI knows: only change these 3 places, don’t touch other places.

What happens without clear scope? AI might arbitrarily change other files. Like you say “unify API call method,” AI changes third-party library APIs too, project breaks.

Benefits:

  • AI won’t mistakenly change other files
  • Changes are controllable
  • Reduce accidents

Now every time I use Composer, first step is @ reference relevant files. Form a habit.

Rule 3: Review Individually

After Composer finishes, never click Accept All directly.

I know Accept All is tempting. AI changed 20 files, you click once to apply all, satisfying.

But…

Real Pitfall Case:

Once, I had Composer “replace all console.log with custom logger.”

Composer changed 30 files.

I didn’t even look, clicked Accept All directly.

Result:

  • Deleted third-party library console.log too
  • Some debug code was mistakenly deleted
  • Project wouldn’t run

I spent 1 hour rolling back, investigating, manually fixing.

Correct Process:

1. Click each file's diff preview
2. Check changes line by line
3. After confirming no issues, Accept individually
4. If finding problems, Reject immediately, re-describe requirement

Yes, slow. Changing 20 files, you need to view 20 diffs. But this avoids 90% of accidents.

My current habit: After Composer finishes, make a coffee, sit down and review slowly. Can’t rush.

Rule 4: Commit Promptly

After completing each small task, immediately git commit.

# After completing one Composer modification
git add .
git commit -m "feat: migrate user API to GraphQL"

Why Important?

Composer conversation history doesn’t save. Refreshing page loses it.

If you changed 10 files, didn’t commit, web page froze, conversation lost… You don’t remember what you changed, don’t know where you left off. Have to start over.

But if you commit each step:

  • Easy to rollback when problems occur (git reset --hard HEAD)
  • Convenient to track each change (git log shows change history)
  • Not afraid if Composer conversation is lost (code already saved)

My current rhythm: Composer finishes → review diff → Accept → git commit. Muscle memory.

Rule 5: Maintain Context

Problem:

Composer doesn’t save conversation history. Refresh page, previous conversations disappear.

You ask: “Continue the refactoring from before,” AI says: “What refactoring? I don’t know what you’re talking about.”

Solutions:

Solution 1: Screenshot Important Conversations

Before starting complex tasks, screenshot your Composer instructions. If network drops halfway, you can still recall from screenshots what you wanted to do.

Solution 2: Plan in Chat First, Execute with Composer

Chat conversation history is saved. You can discuss plans with AI in Chat, once confirmed use Composer to execute.

Example:

Chat Conversation:
You: "I want to migrate axios to fetch, what should I note?"
AI: "Need to note error handling, interceptors, type definitions... Recommend first creating a fetchWrapper utility function"
You: "Good, help me write a migration plan"
AI: "First step... Second step... Third step..."

Then you follow the plan, execute step by step with Composer. Chat plan always there, not afraid if Composer is lost.

Solution 3: Record Change Intent in Project README

I maintain a “Refactoring Record” section in README:

## 2026-01-10 Refactoring Record
- Task: Migrate axios to fetch
- Composer instruction: "Change all axios calls to native fetch API, keep same error handling logic"
- Files involved: src/api/*.ts
- Result: Successfully migrated 15 files

Later when you review the project, you know why these changes were made.

7 Common Pitfalls with Composer & Avoidance Guide

This part I’ll list all the pits I’ve stepped in. Just avoid them.

Pit 1: Conversation History Doesn’t Save

Problem:

Composer conversation disappears on page refresh.

You’re changing halfway, web page froze, or you accidentally closed the tab, or Cursor crashed… All previous conversations lost.

Avoidance Methods:

✅ Screenshot important instructions (phone photo works too)
✅ Plan in Chat first, record thoughts
✅ Use git commit messages to record each change intent
✅ Complete complex tasks in multiple small conversations (each conversation no more than 10 files)

Pit 2: File Update Interruption

Problem:

Composer gets stuck halfway.

Could be network fluctuation, could be AI service hiccup, could be your computer fan too loud AI can’t hear (joking).

Result: Some files changed, some didn’t. Project in semi-broken state.

Avoidance Methods:

git commit before changing (rollback directly if problems)
✅ Check network stability (Composer requires good network, don’t use with unstable VPN)
✅ Split tasks smaller, reduce files changed at once (fewer files, faster updates, less likely to interrupt)
✅ Use git diff to check actual changes (see which files really changed)

I’ve encountered update interruption twice myself. First time no commit, manually fixed for 2 hours. Second time had commit, git reset rolled back in one second.

Pit 3: Model Auto-Switch

Problem:

Some models (like o1) don’t support Composer.

You selected o1, but Cursor auto-switches to another model. You think you’re using o1, actually using GPT-4o. Results not as expected.

Avoidance Methods:

✅ Stick to Claude 3.7 Sonnet (Composer’s best partner)
✅ Check model name in top right corner to confirm (don’t assume selection = usage)
✅ Set default model in Cursor Settings

Now I only use Claude 3.7 Sonnet. Stable, reliable, low error rate.

Pit 4: Context Loss

Problem:

You have continuous conversation in Composer:

1st time: "Change user API to GraphQL"
2nd time: "Continue, change comment API too"

AI says: “What user API? I don’t know what you’re talking about.”

Context lost.

Avoidance Methods:

✅ Re-@ reference relevant files each conversation
✅ Clearly describe “Based on last change, continue…”
✅ When necessary, start new conversation, re-explain complete background

My current habit: Treat each conversation as the first, explain background clearly.

Pit 5: File Search Failure

Problem:

You press Cmd+Enter, input “@Codebase find all places using axios.”

AI says: “Not found.”

But you clearly have 15 files using axios.

Avoidance Methods:

✅ Use @Files to explicitly specify files (don’t rely on search)
✅ Check .cursorrules and .gitignore (may have blocked certain files)
✅ For large projects recommend splitting tasks by module (don’t let AI search entire project)

@Codebase search isn’t very reliable in large projects. Now I always use @Files to specify explicitly.

Pit 6: Agent Mode Too Aggressive

Problem:

After enabling Agent mode, AI takes initiative:

  • Created files you don’t need
  • Deleted code you thought was important
  • Changes exceeded expectations

Like you say “refactor user module,” AI deletes and rebuilds entire src/user directory.

Avoidance Methods:

✅ Try Normal mode first for complex tasks
✅ Agent mode more suitable for clear refactoring tasks (like “dependency migration”)
✅ Review diffs individually, immediately Reject unreasonable changes

Agent mode is powerful, but also dangerous. I only use it for very clear tasks (like dependency migration).

Pit 7: Insufficient Disk Space

Problem:

Composer creates temporary files.

If your disk space is insufficient, updates will fail. Files changed halfway, error “insufficient disk space.”

Avoidance Methods:

✅ Regularly clean node_modules, dist and other temp directories
✅ Ensure 5GB+ available space
✅ Use df -h to check disk usage

I’ve only stepped in this pit once, but very subtle. Error message not obvious, took me a long time to find out it was disk full.

Real Case: Migrating axios to fetch API

Talked about so much theory, here’s a real case.

Case Background:

  • Project: Next.js blog system
  • Task: Change all axios calls to native fetch API
  • Files involved: 15 API files
  • Estimated time: Manual change needs 2 hours, Composer 20 minutes

I’ll demonstrate step-by-step how to complete this task with Composer.

Step 1: Plan in Chat

Don’t rush to open Composer. First discuss with AI in Chat.

Me: I want to replace all axios in project with fetch API, what should I note?

Chat:
1. fetch error handling differs from axios, need manual check of response.ok
2. fetch doesn't reject 4xx/5xx by default, needs extra handling
3. Need manual Content-Type setting
4. Request interceptors need custom function implementation

Recommend first creating a fetchWrapper utility function.

Good. Chat gave a direction. First write utility function, then batch replace.

Step 2: Create fetchWrapper Utility

Cmd+I open Composer:

@src/utils

Create a fetchWrapper.ts file, implement API wrapper similar to axios:
- Auto-handle JSON
- Unified error handling
- Support interceptors
- Compatible with existing axios call methods

Enter.

Composer thought for a few seconds, created fetchWrapper.ts, code looks good.

I checked:

  • ✅ Type definitions complete
  • ✅ Error handling logic correct
  • ✅ API design reasonable

Accept.

git commit -m "feat: add fetchWrapper utility"

Step 3: Migrate Module by Module

Don’t change 15 files at once. Split into several times.

First change posts and comments modules:

@src/api/posts.ts
@src/api/comments.ts
@src/utils/fetchWrapper.ts

Change API calls in posts and comments from axios to fetchWrapper, keep same function signatures and error handling logic.

Enter.

Composer starts working. Changed 3 files.

Step 4: Review Diffs

This is the most critical step.

I check each file:

posts.ts:

  • import axios changed to import { fetchWrapper }
  • axios.get() changed to fetchWrapper.get()
  • Error handling logic unchanged ✅
  • Function signatures unchanged ✅

Accept.

comments.ts:

  • Similar changes, no issues ✅

Accept.

fetchWrapper.ts:

  • Imports referenced correctly ✅

Step 5: Test

npm run dev

Open browser, test posts and comments functionality:

  • Load article list ✅
  • View article details ✅
  • Post comment ✅
  • Delete comment ✅

All normal.

git commit -m "feat: migrate posts and comments API to fetch"

Step 6: Continue Migrating Other Modules

Following steps 3-5, continue migrating:

  • users module
  • auth module
  • settings module

Each module after completion, review, test, commit.

25 minutes completed all 15 files.

Pitfall Experience

Pit 1: Composer Changed Third-Party Library axios Too

First time I didn’t use @Files to specify scope explicitly, result code in node_modules also changed.

Solution: Re-describe “only modify code in src directory, don’t change node_modules.”

Pit 2: Error Handling Logic Lost

fetch error handling differs from axios. Direct replacement caused some errors uncaught.

Solution: Explicitly state in instruction “keep same error handling logic, manually check response.ok.”

Pit 3: Type Definitions Missing

TypeScript errors, fetchWrapper type definitions incomplete.

Solution: Use Chat to generate type definitions separately, then use Cmd+K to apply to fetchWrapper.ts.

Final Results

✅ All 15 files migration completed
✅ All API functionality normal
✅ Total time: 25 minutes (including debugging)
✅ Code review: No issues
✅ Package size reduced: axios is 30KB, fetch is native API

Manual change estimated 2 hours. Composer 25 minutes. Efficiency improved 5x.

Experience Summary

  1. Plan complex tasks in Chat first
  2. Execute step by step, git commit after each step
  3. Explicitly specify file scope (use @ references)
  4. Review diffs individually, avoid accidental changes
  5. Test before continuing next step

These 5 experiences apply to all Composer tasks. Remember them.

Conclusion

Honestly, after mastering Composer, my development efficiency increased at least 3x.

Before, modifying cross-file features meant switching back and forth between multiple files, copy-pasting code, prone to errors, prone to omissions. Exhausting.

Now one Composer instruction, AI automatically identifies which files need changes, completes everything. I just review diffs, click Accept. 10 minutes done.

Remember 5 Core Principles:

  1. Multi-file involvement → Use Composer
    Cross-file don’t use Chat anymore, waste of time.

  2. Split tasks small → Don’t change too much at once
    Single conversation no more than 10 files.

  3. Review individually → Don’t Accept All directly
    Slow is fine, better than accidents.

  4. Commit promptly → git commit after each step completion
    Composer conversations don’t save, code must save.

  5. Maintain context → Screenshot important conversations
    Screenshots, Chat planning, README records, three-pronged approach.

Remember Two Shortcuts:

  • Cmd/Ctrl + L → Chat (ask questions)
  • Cmd/Ctrl + I → Composer (change code)

5-Second Decision Method:

How many files involved?
 → 1 file → Question or code change?
    → Question → Chat
    → Code change → Large change?
       → Small change → Chat + Cmd+K
       → Large change → Composer
 → 2+ files → Composer

Don’t fear Composer.

At first you might think it’s “too smart, uncontrollable.”

But after using it a few times you’ll find: as long as you follow the above rules, Composer is very controllable, very useful.

Action Advice:

Try it now:

  1. Open Cursor, press Cmd+I
  2. Find a small task to practice (like “batch rename variables,” “unify code style”)
  3. Save this article’s 5 rules and 7 pitfall-avoidance tips
  4. When encountering multi-file changes in future, first think of Composer

Don’t just use Chat anymore.

Composer is Cursor’s core capability.

Try it and you’ll know how powerful it is.

Complete Cursor Composer Multi-File Editing Process

Complete operation process for multi-file editing using Composer, including detailed steps for setup, execution, review, and commit

⏱️ Estimated time: 30 min

  1. 1

    Step1: Initial Setup: Choose Model and Enable Agent Mode

    **Choose Model**:
    • Recommend Claude 3.7 Sonnet (strong reasoning, low error rate, good multi-file understanding)
    • Avoid o1 or o1-mini (don't support Composer functionality)
    • Set default model in Cursor Settings

    **Enable Agent Mode** (Optional):
    • Open Cursor Settings → Beta → Agent
    • Agent mode capabilities: run shell commands, search codebase, create/delete files, autonomously analyze project structure
    • Suitable for complex refactoring tasks, but consumes more tokens

    **Pricing Rules**:
    • Free version: Composer functionality limited, few requests per day
    • Pro version: 500 premium requests/month
    • Business version: Unlimited
  2. 2

    Step2: Task Planning: Discuss Plans in Chat First

    **Why Use Chat First**:
    • Chat conversation history is saved, Composer doesn't save
    • Can fully discuss plans in Chat, once confirmed execute with Composer
    • Chat helps identify issues to note

    **Planning Example**:
    You: "I want to replace all axios with fetch API, what should I note?"
    Chat: "Need to note error handling, interceptors, type definitions... Recommend first creating a fetchWrapper utility function"

    **Task Splitting Principles**:
    • Single Composer conversation no more than 10 files
    • Split by module (like: first change posts and comments, then change users and auth)
    • Immediately git commit after completing each small task
  3. 3

    Step3: Open Composer and Use @ References to Specify Scope

    **How to Open**:
    • Shortcut: Cmd/Ctrl + I
    • Or click Composer button in top right of editor

    **@ Reference Types**:
    • @Files: Reference specific files (like @src/components/Header.tsx)
    • @Folders: Reference entire folders (like @src/utils)
    • @Code: Select code first, then press Cmd+I to auto-reference
    • @Web: Reference web content (like @https://docs.react.dev)
    • @Docs: Reference project documentation (like @README.md)
    • @Codebase: Press Cmd+Enter to search entire codebase

    **Specify Scope Example**:
    @src/api/posts.ts
    @src/api/comments.ts
    @src/utils/fetchWrapper.ts

    Change API calls in posts and comments from axios to fetchWrapper, keep same function signatures and error handling logic.
  4. 4

    Step4: Review Diffs Individually (Core Step)

    **Why Can't Accept All Directly**:
    • May mistakenly change third-party library code
    • May delete important debug code
    • May introduce incorrect logic

    **Correct Review Process**:
    1. Click each file's diff preview
    2. Check changes line by line
    3. After confirming no issues, Accept individually
    4. If finding problems, Reject immediately, re-describe requirement

    **Review Key Points**:
    • Import statements correct
    • Function calls correct
    • Error handling logic maintained
    • Type definitions complete
    • No unexpected files modified
  5. 5

    Step5: Test and Commit Promptly

    **Test Process**:
    • Run development server: npm run dev
    • Test related functionality works normally
    • Check console for errors
    • Run unit tests (if any)

    **Commit Standards**:
    • Immediately git commit after completing each small task
    • commit message clearly describes changes
    • Example: git commit -m "feat: migrate posts and comments API to fetch"

    **Why Commit Promptly**:
    • Composer conversation history doesn't save, lost on refresh
    • Easy to rollback when problems occur (git reset --hard HEAD)
    • Convenient to track each change (git log)
    • Even if Composer conversation lost, code already saved

FAQ

When exactly do I use Composer vs Chat?
5-second decision method:

• 2+ files involved → Use Composer directly
• 1 file involved → Question use Chat, code changes check change size (small changes use Chat + Cmd+K, large changes use Composer)

Core difference:
• Chat is AI consultant (gives advice, you do it yourself)
• Composer is AI construction crew (directly changes and applies code)

Specific scenarios:
• Q&A, learning, code review → Chat
• New feature development, code refactoring, batch modifications → Composer
What if Composer conversation history doesn't save?
3 solutions:

**Solution 1: Screenshot important conversations**
Before starting complex tasks, screenshot Composer instructions (phone photo works too), can recall if network drops halfway.

**Solution 2: Plan in Chat first, execute with Composer**
Chat conversation history is saved. Discuss plans with AI in Chat, once confirmed execute with Composer. Chat plan always there, not afraid if Composer lost.

**Solution 3: Record change intent in project README**
Maintain "Refactoring Record" section in README, record task, Composer instructions, files involved, results. Can know why changes were made when reviewing project later.
Why can't I Accept All directly?
Real pitfall case:

I had Composer "replace all console.log with custom logger," changed 30 files, clicked Accept All directly.

Result:
• Deleted third-party library console.log too
• Some debug code mistakenly deleted
• Project wouldn't run

Correct process:
1. Click each file's diff preview
2. Check changes line by line
3. After confirming no issues, Accept individually
4. If finding problems, Reject immediately, re-describe requirement

Yes slow, but avoids 90% of accidents.
What if Composer gets stuck or interrupts halfway?
Preventive measures:

**git commit before changing** (rollback directly if problems)
**Check network stability** (Composer requires good network, don't use with unstable VPN)
**Split tasks smaller** (reduce files changed at once, fewer files update faster less likely to interrupt)

Handling interruptions:
1. Use git diff to check actual changes (see which files really changed)
2. If some files already changed, can manually supplement remaining files
3. If changes incomplete, git reset --hard HEAD rollback, start over

I've encountered interruption twice: first time no commit, manually fixed for 2 hours; second time had commit, git reset rolled back in one second.
When to use Agent mode? What are the risks?
**Agent mode suitable scenarios**:
• Complex dependency migrations (like Redux → Zustand)
• Refactoring requiring file creation/deletion
• Batch modifications requiring entire codebase search

**Agent mode risks**:
• May arbitrarily create unnecessary files
• May delete code you consider important
• Changes may exceed expectations

**Usage advice**:
• Try Normal mode first for simple tasks
• Only use Agent for clear refactoring tasks (like dependency migration)
• Review diffs individually, immediately Reject unreasonable changes
• I use Normal 80% of time, Agent 20%
How to avoid Composer mistakenly changing third-party library code?
**Explicitly specify file scope** (use @ references):

Wrong example:
"Change all axios to fetch" (no scope specified, may change node_modules)

Correct approach:
@src/api
Change all axios calls in src/api directory to fetch, don't modify node_modules

**Check .cursorrules and .gitignore**:
Ensure node_modules, dist and other directories properly excluded

**Review diffs individually**:
If finding node_modules modified, immediately Reject, re-describe requirement
How to ensure code quality after Composer finishes?
**5-step verification process**:

1. **Review diffs individually**: Check each file's changes meet expectations
2. **Run development server**: npm run dev, test related functionality
3. **Check console**: Ensure no errors or warnings
4. **Run tests**: npm test (if have unit tests)
5. **Code Review**: If team project, submit PR for colleague review

**Quality check points**:
• Type definitions complete (TypeScript projects)
• Error handling logic correct
• Function signatures consistent
• No missing files
• No unexpected side effects

18 min read · Published on: Jan 10, 2026 · Modified on: Feb 4, 2026

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